![]() Drug costs, cost of ICU days, intubation, and surgical costs were included. In the acute phase, patients entering the model encounter 4 sequential probability nodes representing the risk of hematoma expansion (≥33% volume increase from baseline), mechanical ventilation, neurosurgical intervention, and death, respectively. Methods: A cost utility model comprising two interlinked phases was developed from a USA payer perspective: in the first, a decision tree structure models the acute care episode from hospital admission to 30 days, while in phase 2 a cohort state transition structure models the long term. In this study a decision analytic cost utility model was developed to estimate the cost effectiveness of using andexanet alfa compared to prothrombin complex concentrates (PCCs) to treat intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) associated with DOAC-related bleeds. ![]() Andexanet alfa, a modified recombinant inactive form of human FXa, is a specific reversal agent for rivaroxaban and apixaban. Purpose: Direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) such as apixaban and rivaroxaban are safe and effective in the treatment and prevention of thrombotic events, but remain a cause of major bleeding events, which are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality.
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